Cervikofaciální aktinomykóza

Cervicofacial Actinomycosis

Actinomycosis is a relatively rare infectious disease affecting human population andcattle. The infection agent - gram-positive anaerobic bacteria (actinomycetes) are present in oralcavity in 27% of healthy human individuals. When the mucosa is damaged the actinomycetes enterdeeper into the tissues and, under favorable conditions for the agent, a disease can develop. Theclassification according to localization differentiates cervicofacial, pulmonary and abdominalforms, respectively. Cervicofacial actinomycosis is characterized by the formation of granulomas,abscesses and fistulas with typical perimandibular localization. The diagnosis can be establishedespecially on the basis of bacteriological or histological examination and a clinical picture. Thetherapy is long-termin nature, the relapse can usually be prevented by a combination of a surgicalintervention and several-month antibiotic treatment. The latter is presently preferably usinglincosamides.

Key words:
cervicofacial actinomycosis, endogenous infection, granulomatous inflammation,abscess, fistula, combined therapy.